Letters of the ancient Church in India

• Timothy I [Patriarch] (727-823). Letters. [‘Nestorian’.] The fullest collection of the 200 letters is held in Trichur, Kerala. Timothy is known to have written hymns, commentaries, dissertations, and disputations on other religions, a few of which have survived. [Asian Christian Theologies 19.]

Bibliography

• Aerthayil, James. The Spiritual Heritage of the St Thomas Christians. Bangalore: Dharmaram Publications, 1982.
• Aprem, Mar. A Nestorian Bibliography. Trichur: Mar Nasai Press, 1982.
• Aprem, Mar. “Syriac Manuscripts in Trichur.” Orientalia Christiana Analecta 221 (1983).
• Brock, Sebastian. A Brief Outline of Syriac Literature. Kottayam: SEERI, 1997.
• England, J.C. The Hidden History of Christianity in Asia: The Churches of the East before the year 1500. 2^nd ed. Delhi: ISPCK; Hong Kong: CCA, 1998.
• Gillman, Ian and Hans-Joachim Klimkeit. Christians in Asia before 1500. Richmond: Curzon Press, 1999.
• Hunt, Lucy-Anne. The Mingana and Related Collections: A Survey of Illustrated Arabic, Greek, Eastern Christian, Persian and Turkish Manuscripts in the Selly Oak Colleges, Birmingham. Birmingham: Mingana Collection, ?1998.
• Philip, T.V. East of the Euphrates: Early Christianity in Asia. Delhi: ISPCK; Tiruvalla: Christian Sahitya Samithy, 1998.
• Schurhammer, G. “Three Letters of Mar Jacob, Bishop of Malabar 1503-1550.” Orientalia (Rome and Lisboa) (1963) 333-349.
• Thazhath, Andrews. The Juridical Sources of the Syro-Malabar Church: A Historico-Juridical Study. Kottayam: Orientail Institute of Religious Studies, India, 1987.
• Young, William G. Patriarch, Shah and Caliph. Rawalpindi: Chbristian Study Centre, 1974.
• See also Harp (Kottayam, quarterly) 1987-. 

Commentaries and homilies of the ancient Church in India

• Jacob of Serug (451-521). Memre (metrical homilies). [Asian Christian Theologies 1:8-9.]
• Isaac of Nineveh (d. c. 700). Memre.
• Bar-Hebraeus (1226-1286). Memre.
• Bar-Hebraeus (1226-1286). Treasure of Mysteries.
• Ephrem (c. 306-373). [Biblical commentary on the OT.]
• Daniel of Tella (6^th CE). [Commentary on the Psalms.]
• Ishodad of Merv (fl. 850). [Commentary on the NT.]
• Dionysius bar Salibi (d. 1171). [Commentary on the synoptic Gospels an dthe Pentateuch, along with Bar-Hebraeus’ Treasure of Mysteries.]
• Philoxenus of Mabbug (6^th CE). Prayers.
• Mar Abdisho of Soba and Bar-Hebraeus (13^th CE). Nomocanons.

See post below of 28 February 2011, Early Syrian Christian Literature digitised.

Liturgies, hymns, prayers of the ancient Church in India

• The Liturgy of the Apostles Addai and Mari. Strongly Semitic. Uses Syriac prayers and scriptures. Concentrates solely upon the experience of the Eucharist, the liturgy itself being called The Mystery of Christ [qurbana?]. [Dix 1949.] Early commentaries suggest that these liturgies received their developed form at least by the 8^th century. With little change they are still used today in India, southeast Asia and outside. [Asian Christian Theologies 1:??]
• Aerthayil, James. The Spiritual Heritage of the St Thomas Christians. Bangalore: Dharmaram Publications, 1982.
• Dix, Gregory. The Shape of the Liturgy. London: Dacre Press, 1949.
• Gregorios, P. (Paul Verghese). “East Syrian Worship.” A New Dictionary of Liturgy and Worship. Ed. J.G. Davies. London: SCM Press, 1986.
• Isho Yabh. (fl. 1021-1026). Nestorian Questions on the Administration of the Eucharist. Haarlem: J. Enschedé en zonen, 1937.
• Maclean, A.J. The Syrian Daily Offices. London: Rivington, 1894.
• Pathikulangara, Varghese. Qurbana: The Eucharistic Celebration of the Chaldeo-Indian Church. Chaldeo-Indian Liturgy 2. Denha Services, 1998.
• Spinks, B.D. Addai and Mari – the Anaphora. Bramcote: Grove Books, 1980.
• Spinks, B.D. Western Use and Abuse of Eastern Liturgical Traditions: Some Cross-Sections in its History.  Placid Lecture Series no. 14. Bangalore: CIIS and Dharmaram Publications, 1992.
• Vellian, J., ed. Syro Malabar Liturgy. 3 vols. Kottayam: St Joseph’s Press, n.d.

Inscriptions, carvings, crosses of the Church in India

• Butler, John F. “The Iconography of the Ancient South Indian Incised Crosses.” Indian Church History Review 3/2 (1969). [Asian Christian Theologies 1:4-5.]
• Choondal, C. “Songs, Arts, Festivals of the Thomas Church.” St Thomas Christian Encyclopedia of India, ed. G. Menachery. Trichur: STCEI, 1973.
• Kuriakose, M.K. History of Christianity in India: Source Materials. Madras: Senate of Serampore Colelge & CLS, 1982.
• Lederle, Matthew. Christian Paining in India through the Centuries. Anand: Gujarat Sahitya Prakash and the Heras Institute of Indian History and Culture, n.d.
• Mundadan, A.M. Sixteenth Century Traditions of St Thomas Christians. Bangalore: Dharmaram College, 1970.
• Vazhuthanapilly, Joseph. The Biblical and Archaeological Foundations of the Mar Thoma Sliba. Kottayam: Oriental Institute of Religious Studies, 1988.

Songs and annals of the Church in India

• Marthomman Pattu. A prayer for the blessing of Mar Thoma and for the presence of Jesus, along with blessings and praises sung to the bride. [Asian Christian Theologies 1:5.]
• Mayilanchi Pattu. The biblical story of Adam and Even in Eden, concluding with “she is bone of my bone and flesh of my flesh… I may forget everything on her account.” [1:6.]
• Anthem Charthu Pattu. Declaring the blessing of Our Lord Jesus, relatives, elders and parents, upon the bridal pair. This is sung to the bridegroom. [1:6.]
• Nallu Palli Pattu. Collection of more than twenty historical songs, recording the lives of priests and bishops, construction of the church, and segments of church history. Churches included: Cranganore, Palayur, Kollam, Chayal and Uzhavoor. [1:6.]
• Rabban Pattu. Song of Thomas. [Notice Rabban: the word the Jews use for Rabbi.] Claimed to have been written by a disciple of St Thomas, and later translated, c. 1100 CE, by his descendent. Gives the fullest account available of the early traditions of Thomas’ life, ministry, and death, and the particular localities for each event. See Kuriakose 1982, and Mundadan 1984. The present redaction has been influenced by Chaldean accounts and possibly by later Portuguese additions. But it preserves very ancient material, much of which is present in the earliest chronicles of particular churches in south India. [1:6.]
• Margam Kali Pattu. The Song of the Way. Used to accompany a sacred dance. Describes the introduction to Kerala of the marga or Christian way, and the path of Christian conversion. Such records reveal a devout loyalty to the faith and practices of the churches of the East (East and West Syrian, ‘Nestorian’, Jacobite and Chaldean), which is expressed in community life, both through a spontaneous blending of cultures and a distinctive and disciplined lifestyle. Thomas 1961. [1:6.]

Bibliography

• Choondal, C. “Songs, Arts, Festivals of the Thomas Church.” St Thomas Christian Encyclopedia of India, ed. G. Menachery. Trichur: STCEI, 1973. 
• Hambye, E.R. “The Eastern Chruch (in Medieval India).” Christianity in India. A History in Ecumenidcal Perspective. Ed. H.C. Perumalil and E.R. Hambye. Alleppey: Prakasam Publications, 1972.
• Kuriakose, M.K. History of Christianity in India: Source Materials. Madras: Senate of Serampore Colelge & CLS, 1982.
• Lucas, P.U. Ancient Songs of the Syrian Christians of Malabar. Kottayam: n.p., 1910.
• Mundadan, A.M. Sixteenth Century Traditions of St Thomas Christians. History of Christianity in India. Vol. 1: From the Beginning up to the Middle of the Sixteenth Century. Bangalore: Theological Publications in India, 1984.
• Pothan, S.G. The Syrian Christians of Kerala. Bombay, etc.: Asia Publishing House, 1963.
• Thomas, P.J. The Christians and Malayalam Literature. [Malayalam.] Kottayam, 1961. 
• Van der Ploeg, J.P.M. The Syriac Manuscripts of St Thomas Christians. Bangalore: Dharmaram Publicaions, 1983. 

Paulinus of St Bartholomew (1748-1806)

Primary

• • "Systema brahmanicum liturgicum, mythologicum, civile, ex monumentis indicis musei Borgiani Velitris dissertationibus historico-criticis illustratum" (Rome, 1791), translated into German (Gotha, 1797);
  • "Examen historico-criticum codicum indicorum bibliothecae S. C. de Propaganda" (Rome, 1792);
  • "Musei Borgiani Velitris codices manuscripti avences, Peguani, Siamici, Malabarici, Indostani ... illustrati" (Rome, 1793);
  • "Viaggio alle Indie orientali" (Rome, 1796), translated into German by Forster (Berlin, 1798);
  • "Sidharubam, seu Grammatica sanscridamica, cui accedit dissert. hiss. crit. in linguam sanscridamicam vulgo Samscret dictam" (Rome, 1799), another edition of which appeared under the title "Vyacaranam" (Rome, 1804);
  • "India orientalis christiana" (Rome, 1794), an important work for the history of missions in India. Other works bear on linguistics and church history.
  • Paolino da San Bartolomeo, Viaggio alle Indie Orientali umiliato alla Santita di N. S. Papa Pio Sesto pontefice massimo da fra Paolino da S. Bartolomeo carmelitano scalzo, Roma, presso Antonio Fulgoni, 1796.
  • Paolino da San Bartolomeo, Voyage aux Indes Orientales, par le p. Paulin de S. Barthelemy, missionnaire; traduit de l'italien ... avec les observations de Mm. Anquetil du Perron, J. R. Forster et Silvestre de Sacy; et une dissertation de M. Anquetil sur la proprieté (in lingua francese), A Paris, chez Tourneisen fils, libraire, rue de Seine, n 12, 1808.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Amarasinha. Sectio prima de caelo ex tribus ineditis codicibus indicis manuscriptis curante P. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo ... (in lingua latina), Romae, apud Antonium Fulgonium, 1798.
  • Paulinus von Heilig Bartholomaus, Atlas pour servir au voyage aux Indes orientales. Par le p. Paulin de Saint-Barthelemy, missionaire (in lingua francese), A Paris, chez Tourneisen fils, 1808.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, De basilica S. Pancratii M. Christi disquisitio. Auctore P. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo (in lingua latina), Romae, apud Antonium Fulgonium, 1803.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Dissertation on the Sanskrit language, Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo (in lingua inglese), a reprint of the original Latin text of 1790, together with an introductory article, a complete English translation, and an index of sources by Ludo Rocher, Amsterdam, J. Benjamin, 1977.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Examen historico criticum codicum indicorum bibliothecae Sacrae Congregationis de propaganda fide (in lingua latina), Romae, ex typ. S. C. de Propaganda Fide, 1792.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, India orientalis christiana continens fundationes ecclesiarum, seriem episcoporum, Auctore P. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo carmelita discalceato (in lingua latina), Romae, typis Salomonianis, 1794.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Jornandis vindiciae de Var Hunnorum auctore p. Paulino a S. Bartolomeo carmelita discalceato ... (in lingua latina), Romae, Apud Antonium Fulgonium, 1800.
  • Paolino da San Bartolomeo, Monumenti indici del Museo Naniano illustrati dal P. Paolino da S. Bartolomeo (in lingua latina), In Padova, nella Stamperia del Seminario, 1799.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Mumiographia Musei Obiciani exarata a P. Paulino a S.Bartholomaeo carmelita discalceato (in lingua latina), Patavii, ex Typographia Seminarii, 1799.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Musei Borgiani Velitris codices manuscripti Avenses Peguani Siamici Malabarici Indostani animadversionibus historico-criticis castigati et illustrati accedunt monumenta inedita, et cosmogonia Indico-Tibetana, auctore p. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo ... (in lingua latina), Romae, apud Antonium FUgonium, 1793.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Sidharubam seu Grammatica Samscrdamica. Siddarupam. Cui accedit Dissertatio historico-critica in linguam Samscrdamicam vulgo Samscret dictam, in qua huius linguae exsistentia, origo, praestantia, antiquitas, extensio, maternitas ostenditur, libri aliqui ea exarati critice recensentur, & simul aliquae antiquissimae gentilium orationes liturgicae paucis attinguntur, & explicantur auctore Fr. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo ... (in lingua latina), Romae, ex typographia Sacrae Congregationis de Propaganda Fide, 1790.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Systema Brahmanicum liturgicum mythologicum civile ex monumentis Indicis musei Borgiani Velitris dissertationibus historico-criticis illustravit fr. Paullinus a S. Bartholomaeo carmelita discalceatus Malabariae missionarius Academiae Volscorum Veliternae socius (in lingua latina), Romae, apud Antonium Fulgonium, 1791.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Vitae synopsis Stephani Borgiae S.R.E. cardinalis amplissimi S. Congr. De Propaganda fide praefecti curante p. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo carmelita discalceato ... (in lingua latina), Romae, apud Antonium Fulgonium, 1805.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Vyacarana seu Locupletissima Samscrdamicae linguae institutio in usum Fidei praeconum in India Orientali, et virorum litteratorum in Europa adornata a P. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo Carmelita discalceato (in lingua latina), Romae, typis S. Congreg. de Propag. Fide, 1804.
  • Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo, Notitia topographica, civilis, politica, religiosa missionis Malabaricae ad finem saeculi 18. / auctore r. P. Paulino a S. Bartholomaeo, O. C. D (in lingua latina), Romae, apud Curiam generalitiam, 1937, Tip. A. Manuzio.
  • Paulinus of St. Bartholomew: De manuscriptis codicibus indicis R. P. Joan Ernesti Hanxleden epistola ad. R. P. Alexium Mariam A. S. Joseph Carmelitam excalceatum, Vienna, 1799.

Secondary

• Herbermann, Charles, ed. "Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo". Catholic Encyclopedia. Robert Appleton Company, 1913.
• Giuseppe Barone, Vita, precursori ed opere del P. Paolino da S. Bartolommeo (Filippo Werdin) : contributo alla storia degli studi orientali in Europa (Napoli: A. Morano, 1888).
• Max von Heimbucher, Die Orden und Kongregationen der katholischen Kirche, II (2nd ed., Paderborn: Schoningh, 1907), 568-69.

Review of S.M. Tadkodkar, Goan Christian Marathi Vilapika

New review of S.M. Tadkodkar, Goan Christian Marathi Vilapika during the 17th Century, by Ivo Coelho, in Divyadaan: Journal of Philosophy and Education 22/2 (2011) 265-298.